Intron 5 - 2019 Ödül Tahminleri

2019-09-30

10 minute read

1) Solomon H. Snyder (d.1938)
Johns Hopkins Üniversitesi, ABD

- Beyindeki birçok nörotransmitter ve uyuşturucu gibi psikotropik maddelerin reseptörlerini tanımlayarak, birçok ağrı kesici ve psikiyatrik ilacın geliştirilmesine öncülük etti.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (1978)
Wolf Prize (1983)
Bower Award of the Franklin Institute (1992)
National Medal of Science (2003)
Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research (2007)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2018)

2) Douglas R. Lowy (d.1942) ve John T. Schiller (d.1953)
Ulusal Kanser Enstitüsü (NCI), ABD
Ulusal Kanser Enstitüsü (NCI), ABD

- Rahim ağzı kanseri ve HPV (insan papilloma) virüsünün yol açtığı diğer kanserlerin önlenmesinde etkili olan HPV aşısının geliştirilmesini sağladılar.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Lowy:

Service to America Medal (2007)
Humanitarian Award (2007)
Dorothy P. Landon-AACR Prize for Translational Cancer Research (2007)
Novartis Prize for Clinical Immunology (2007)
Albert Sabin Gold Medal (2011)
Research and Hope Award for Academic or Public Research (2013)
National Medal of Technology and Innovation (2014)
Harrington Prize for Innovation in Medicine (2015)
Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award (2017)
Szent-Györgyi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research (2018)

Schiller:

Service to America Medal (2007)
Albert Sabin Gold Medal (2011)
American Cancer Society Award for Research Excellence in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (2011)
National Medal of Technology and Innovation (2014)
American Society for Microbiology’s Joseph Public Health Award (2017)
Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award (2017)
Szent-Györgyi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research (2018)

3) Michael N. Hall (d.1953), David M. Sabatini (d.1968) ve Stuart L. Schreiber (d.1956)
Biozentrum, Basel Üniversitesi, İsviçre
Whitehead Enstitüsü, Massachusetts Teknoloji Enstitüsü (MIT), Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü, Broad Enstitüsü, ABD.
Broad Enstitüsü, Harvard Üniversitesi, Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü, ABD.

- Gelişim süreci ve beslenme mekanizmalarının önemli aktörlerinden olan Target of Rapamycin (TOR) ve mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mammalian TOR, mTOR) protein kompleksini ve hücre metabolizmasındaki rollerini keşfettiler.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Hall:

Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine (2009)
Marcel Benoist Prize (2012)
Sir Hans Krebs Medal (2014)
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2014)
Canada Gairdner International Award (2015)
Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (2017)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2018)

Sabatini:

Paul Marks Prize for Cancer Research (2009)
NAS Award in Molecular Biology (2014)
Lurie Prize in Biomedical Sciences (2017)
Dickson Prize in Medicine, 2017
Switzer Prize, 2018
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2018)
Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (2019)

Schreiber:

George Ledlie Prize (1994)
Paul Karrer Gold Medal (1994)
Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity in Organic Chemistry (1997)
William H. Nichols Medal (2001)
Arthur C. Cope Award (2014)
Nagoya Gold Medal (2015)
Wolf Prize (2016)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2018)

4) Ralf F. W. Bartenschlager (d.1958), Charles M. Rice (d.1952) ve Michael J. Sofia (d.1958)
Heidelberg Üniversitesi, Almanya
Rockefeller Üniversitesi, ABD
Arbutus Biopharma Şirketi, Kanada

- Geliştirdikleri sistemle hepatit C virüsünün çoğalma mekanizmasını araştırıp bu ölümcül hastalığın tedavisi için önemli katkılar sağladılar.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Bartenschlager:

2000 Robert-Koch Research fellow award
2001 Löffler-Frosch Preis of the Society for Virology
2002 William Prusoff Young investigator award
2006 Aschoff Medal 2008 Behring Lecture
2013 Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
2013 Lautenschläger Research Prize
2015 Robert Koch Prize, jointly awarded with Charles M. Rice
2016 Lasker Awards (Clinical Medical Research Award)
2016 European Virology Award
2017 Hector Science Award

Rice:

1986 Pew Charitable Trust scholarship
2004 Elected fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science 2005 Elected member, National Academy of Sciences
2005 Elected fellow, American Academy of Microbiology
2007 M.W. Beijerinck Virology Prize
2015 Robert Koch Prize
2016 Artois-Baillet Latour Health Prize
2016 Lasker Awards (Clinical Medical Research Award)

Sofia:

2014 Pennsylvania Bio Scientific Achievement Award
2014 Foreign Policy Magazine’s Global Thinkers Award
2015 Heroes of Chemistry Award of the American Chemical Society
2015 The Economist Magazine’s Innovation Award in Biosciences
2016 IUPAC-Richter Prize in Medicinal Chemistry
2016 Lasker Awards (Clinical Medical Research Award)
2017 Gertrude Elion Award from the International Society for Antiviral Research
2017 University of Illinois LAS Alumni Achievement Award

5) Yuan Chang (d.1959) ve Patrick S. Moore (d.1956) - (Evli çift)
Pittsburgh Üniversitesi, ABD
Pittsburgh Üniversitesi, ABD

- İnsanda kansere yol açtığı bilinen 7 virüs çeşidinden 2’si olan Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ve Merkel cell polyomavirus onkovirüslerini keşfedip tümörle ilişkilerini ortaya koydular.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Chang:

Meyenburg Prize (1997)
Robert Koch Prize (1998)
Mott Prize (2003)
Paul Marks Prize (2003)
American Cancer Society Professorship Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2017)

Moore:

Langmuir Prize (1989)
Meyenburg Prize (1997)
Robert Koch Prize (1998)
Mott Prize (2003)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2017)

6) Karl John Friston (d.1959)
Londra Üniversitesi Akademisi (UCL), İngiltere

- Beyin görüntüleme çalışmalarının sonuçlarını analiz edebilmek ve beynin kortikal aktivitelerini inceleyebilmek için şu ana kadarki en güçlü teknik olarak kabul edilen İstatistiksel Parametrik Haritalama (SPM) yöntemini geliştirdi. Şu anki EEG ve MEG datalarının analizi için de aynı metod kullanılmaktadır.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Young Investigators Award in Human Brain Mapping (1996)
Golden Brain Award (2003)
Fellow of the Royal Society (2006)
College de France Medal (2008)
Fellow of the Society of Biology (2011)
Weldon Memorial Prize (2013)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2017)

7) Jeffrey Gordon (d.1947)
Washington Üniversitesi, St. Louis, ABD

- Beslenme ve metabolizmanın insan bağırsağındaki mikroorganizmalar ile ilişkisini göstererek antibiyotik kullanımının riskleri ve mide-bağırsak hastalıklarının tedavisi için bağırsak bakterilerinin nakli gibi prosedürlerin geliştirilmesine ışık tuttu.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

2013 Robert Koch Prize
2014 Passano Award
2014 Dickson Prize
2014 Howard Taylor Ricketts Award
2015 King Faisal International Prize in Medicine
2015 Keio Medical Science Prize
2015 Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate
2016 Steven C. Beering Award, Indiana University
2017 Jacobaeus Prize, Novo Nordisk Foundation
2017 Massry Prize
2017 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize
2018 Copley Medal
2018 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology and Biomedicine

8) Kazutoshi Mori (d.1958) ve Peter Walter (d.1954)
Kyoto Üniversitesi, Japonya
California Üniversitesi, San Francisco, ABD

- Katlanmamış protein tepkisi (Unfolded protein response, UPR) olarak bilinen, hücrenin belli seviyedeki stres koşullarında hayatta kalmasını sağlayan, aşırı stres altında ise ölüme götüren “kalite kontrol sistemi” mekenizmasını keşfettiler. Bu keşifleri, UPR mekanizmasının önemli rol oynadığı birçok nörodejeneratif hastalık ve kanser araştırmalarına önemli katkı sağladı.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Mori:

Wiley Prize in Biomedical Science (2005)
Gairdner Award (2009)
Medal with Purple Ribbon (2010)
Shaw Prize (2014)
Lasker Award (2014)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2015)
Imperial Prize (2016)
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2018)

Walter:

Wiley Prize in Biomedical Science (2005)
Gairdner Award (2009)
E. B. Wilson Medal (2009)
The Otto Warburg Medal (2011)
Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize (2012)
Ernst Jung Prize (2013)
Shaw Prize (2014)
Lasker Award (2014)
Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science (2015)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2015)
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2018)

9) Alexander Rudensky (d.1956), Shimon Sakaguchi (d.1951) ve Ethan Shevach (d.1943)
Memorial Sloan Kettering Kanser Merkezi, ABD
Osaka Üniversitesi, Japonya.
Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüsü (NIH), ABD.

- Düzenleyici T hücrelerinin bağışıklık sistemindeki rolü ve bu hücrelerdeki ana düzenleyici rolündeki Foxp3 proteinin işlevini keşfettiler.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Rudensky:

Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2012)
Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2015)
William B. Coley Award (2015)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2015)
Crafoord Prize in Polyarthritis (2017)
Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science (2018)

Sakaguchi:

William B. Coley Award (2004)
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2015)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2015)
Crafoord Prize (2017)

Shevach:

Distinguished Service Award, (1992)
William B. Coley Award, (2004)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2015)

10) Charles Lee (d.1969), Stephen W. Scherer (d.1964) ve Michael H. Wigler (d.1947)
Jackson Genomik Tıp Laboratuvarı, ABD
Toronto Üniversitesi, Kanada
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratuvarı, ABD

- Genomda önemli derecede çeşitlilik sağlayan, büyük ölçekli kopya sayısı değişiklikleri (copy number variation, CNV) ve bunların birçok hastalıkla ilişkisini keşfettiler.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Lee:

2007: American Association for Cancer Research Team Award
2008: Ho-am Prize in Medicine
2010: George W. Brumley Jr, MD Memorial Award (Duke University)
2012: Vandenberghe Chair Award (Katholic University of Leuven, Belgium)
2012: Chen Investigator Award (Human Genome Organisation - HUGO)
2012: Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2014: Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate
2017: President, Human Genome Organisation
2018: University of Alberta Distinguished Alumni Award

Scherer:

1999: Canada’s Top 40 under 40 Award
2002: The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Explorer Award
2003: The Steacie Prize in the Natural Sciences
2007: Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
2007: The inaugural Distinguished Science Alumni Award-University of Waterloo
2011: Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2014: Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate
2019: Killam Prize

Wigler:

1986: American Cancer Society Lifetime Research Professorship
1989: Member of the National Academy of Science
1995: Katherine Berkan Judd Award
1998: Member of The American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1998: The Stevens Triennial Prize from Columbia University
2007: CSHL Double Helix Medal Honoree
2014: Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate

11) Joan A. Steitz (d.1941)
Yale Üniversitesi, ABD

- mRNA-ribozom bağlanma mekanizmasını, protein sentezi dışında görev alan RNA’ları, snRNP’leri ve bunların mRNA olgunlaşması sürecindeki görevlerini keşfetti.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Passano Foundation Young Scientist Award (1975)
Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry (1976)
NAS Award in Molecular Biology (1982)
National Medal of Science (1986)
Dickson Prize for Science (1988)
Warren Triennial Prize (1989)
L’Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science (2001)
Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Basic Medical Science (2002)
FASEB Excellence in Science Award (2003)
RNA Society Lifetime Achievement Award (2004)
E.B. Wilson Medal (2005)
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2006)
Rosalind E. Franklin Award for Women in Science (2006)
Albany Medical Center Prize (shared with Elizabeth Blackburn) (2008)
Royal Society of London (2014)
Lasker-Koshland Award for Special Achievement in Medical Science (2018)

12) Hans Clevers (d.1957)
Utrecht Üniversitesi, Hollanda

- Wnt sinyal yolağı üzerine yaptığı öncü araştırmaları sayesinde bu yolağın kök hücreler ve kanser hücrelerindeki önemini gösterdi.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

2001: Award from the European Society for Clinical Investigation
2001: Spinoza Prize
2004: Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine
2005: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Katharine Berkan Judd Award
2005: Science and Society Prize
2006: Rabbi Shai Shacknai Memorial Prize for Immunology and Cancer Research
2008: Josephine Nefkens Prize for Cancer Research from Erasmus MC Rotterdam
2008: Meyenburg Cancer Research Award
2009: Dutch Cancer Society Award
2010: United European Gastroenterology Federation (UEGF) Research Prize
2011: Ernst Jung Prize for Medicine
2012: Léopold Griffuel Prize
2012: Kolff Prize
2012: William Beaumont Prize of the American Gastroenterology Association
2012: Dr A.H. Heineken Prize for Medicine
2013: Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
2014: Massachusetts General Hospital Award in Cancer Research
2014: Struyvenberg European Society for Clinical Investigation (ESCI) medal
2015: ISSCR-McEwen Award for Innovation
2016: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Professor Prize
2016: Kazemi Prize of Royan Research Institute
2016: The Körber European Science Prize
2016: Swammerdam medal
2016: The Ilse & Helmut Wachter award
2017: Princess Takamatsu Award of Merit
2018: Academia Europaea Erasmus Medal
2019: Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate

13) John W. Kappler (d.1943) ve Philippa Marrack (d.1945) - (evli çift)
Ulusal Yahudi Sağlığı Merkezi (NJH); Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü, ABD
Ulusal Yahudi Sağlığı Merkezi (NJH); Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü, ABD

- T hücreleri toleransının timüsteki klonal seçilim sayesinde oluştuğunu ve bu mekanizmanın otoimmün hastalıklar ile ilişkisini keşfettiler.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Kappler:

1989 - Elected member, National Academy of Sciences
1993 - Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award
1994 - Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology or Biochemistry (Columbia University)
2015 - Wolf Prize in Medicine
2019 - Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate

Marrack:

1989 – Elected member, National Academy of Sciences
1990 – Royal Society Wellcome Foundation Prize
1991 – Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1993 – Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award
1993 – Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize
1994 – Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize
1998 – Rabbi Shai Shackner Prize
2003 – American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award
2004 – L’Oreal UNESCO Women in Science Award
2005 – Pearl Meister Greengard Prize
2015 – Wolf Prize in Medicine
2015 – Inducted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame
2019 – Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate

14) Karl Deisseroth (d.1971), Ernst Bamberg (d.1940) ve Gero Miesenböck (d.1965)
Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü; Stanford Üniversitesi, ABD
Max Planck Biyofizik Enstitüsü, Almanya
Oxford Üniversitesi, İngiltere

- Optogenetik alanındaki öncü çalışmalarıyla sinir sisteminin fonksiyonları ve nörolojik ve psikiyatrik hastalıklar hakkında önemli bilgiler elde edilmesini sağladılar.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Deisseroth:

Golden Brain Award (2009)
Richard Lounsbery Award (2013)
Dickson Prize in Science (2013)
The Brain Prize (2013)
Keio Medical Science Prize (2014)
Albany Medical Center Prize (2015)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2015)
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2016)
Kyoto Prize (2018)
Rumford Prize (2019)
Warren Alpert Foundation Prize (2019)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2019)

Bamberg:

Boris Rajewsky Preis für Biophysik (1987)
Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences (2010)
Karl Heinz Beckurts Prize for Technological Innovation (2010)
K. J. Zülch-Preis der Gertrud Reemtsma Stiftung (2012)
The Brain Prize (2013) Rumford Prize (2019)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2019)

Miesenböck:

InBev-Baillet Latour Prize (2012)
The Brain Prize (2013)
Gabbay Award (2013)
Heinrich Wieland Prize (2015)
BBVA Award (2015)
Massry Prize (2016)
Rumford Prize (2019)
Warren Alpert Foundation Prize (2019)
Clarivate Analytics Citation Laureate (2019)

15) Michael Shepard (d.1942), Dennis Slamon (d.1948), ve Axel Ullrich (d.1943)

Genentech Şirketi, ABD
California Üniversitesi, Los Angeles, ABD
Max Planck Biyokimya Enstitüsü, Almanya

- Kansere yol açan HER2 proteinini keşfedip, onu bloklayabilen ilk monoklonal antikor olan Herceptin’i ürettiler. Herceptin özellikle HER2-pozitif meme kanserinin tedavisinde çok etkili bir ilaç olarak hala kullanılıyor.

- Diğer önemli ödüller:

Shepard:

2006 Warren Alpert Prize
2019 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award

Slamon:

2002 Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award in Biotechnology and Medicine
2007 Gairdner Foundation International Award
2017 Komen Brinker Award for Scientific Distinction
2019 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award

Ullrich:

2005 Otto Warburg Medal
2008 Pezcoller Foundation-AACR International Award
2009 Debrecen Award for Molecular Medicine
2010 Wolf Prize
2012 Honorary Doctor of Semmelweis University
2013 Elected Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
2019 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award